Cov iav muaj kev sib kis tau zoo thiab lub teeb kis tau zoo, kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj lom neeg, thiab tuaj yeem tau txais cov neeg kho tshuab muaj zog thiab cov hluav taws kub rwb thaiv tsev raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv.Nws tuaj yeem ua rau iav hloov xim ntawm nws tus kheej thiab cais lub teeb ntau dhau, yog li nws feem ntau siv hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv.Qhov kab lus no feem ntau tham txog cov txheej txheem tsim cov iav fwj.
Tau kawg, muaj cov laj thawj ntawm kev xaiv iav los ua lub raj mis rau cov dej haus, uas kuj yog qhov zoo ntawm cov iav fwj.Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav fwj yog ntuj ore, quartzite, caustic soda, limestone, thiab lwm yam. Cov iav fwj muaj qhov pom tseeb thiab corrosion kuj, thiab yuav tsis hloov cov khoom siv thaum sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj feem ntau.Nws txoj kev tsim khoom yog yooj yim, qauv yog dawb thiab hloov tau, hardness yog loj, kub resistant, huv si, yooj yim los ntxuav, thiab yuav siv tau ntau zaus.Raws li cov khoom ntim, iav fwj feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom noj, roj, cawv, dej haus, condiments, tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab kua tshuaj thiab lwm yam.
Lub raj mis iav yog tsim los ntawm ntau tshaj kaum hom ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, xws li quartz hmoov, limestone, soda tshauv, dolomite, feldspar, boric acid, barium sulfate, mirabilite, zinc oxide, potassium carbonate thiab tawg iav.Nws yog ib lub thawv ua los ntawm melting thiab shaping ntawm 1600 ℃.Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov iav fwj ntawm cov duab sib txawv raws li cov pwm sib txawv.Vim nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv high kub, nws yog non-toxic thiab tasteless.Nws yog lub ntsiab ntim ntim rau zaub mov, tshuaj thiab tshuaj industries.Tom ntej no, kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv yuav raug qhia.
Quartz hmoov: Nws yog ib qho nyuaj, hnav-resistant thiab chemically ruaj khov ntxhia.Nws cov ntxhia tseem ceeb yog quartz, thiab nws cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yog SiO2.Cov xim ntawm quartz xuab zeb yog milky dawb, los yog tsis muaj xim thiab translucent.Nws hardness yog 7. Nws yog nkig thiab tsis muaj cleavage.Nws muaj lub plhaub zoo li tawg.Nws muaj roj luster.Nws qhov ceev yog 2.65.Nws qhov ntom ntom (20-200 mesh yog 1.5).Nws cov tshuaj, thermal thiab mechanical zog muaj qhov pom tseeb anisotropy, thiab nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv acid, Nws yog soluble nyob rau hauv NaOH thiab KOH aqueous tov saum 160 ℃, nrog ib tug melting point ntawm 1650 ℃.Quartz xuab zeb yog cov khoom uas nws loj npaum li cas feem ntau ntawm 120 mesh sieve tom qab quartz pob zeb mined los ntawm mine yog ua tiav.Cov khoom dhau 120 mesh sieve yog hu ua quartz hmoov.Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb: lim cov ntaub ntawv, qib siab iav, iav khoom, refractories, smelting pob zeb, precision casting, xuab zeb blasting, log sib tsoo cov ntaub ntawv.
Limestone: calcium carbonate yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm limestone, thiab limestone yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau iav ntau lawm.Txiv qaub thiab limestone yog dav siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau ntau qhov kev lag luam.Calcium carbonate tuaj yeem ua tiav ncaj qha rau hauv pob zeb thiab kub hnyiab rau hauv cov kua qaub.
Soda tshauv: yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb kev lag luam, tshuaj niaj hnub kev lag luam, tsev cov ntaub ntawv, tshuaj kev lag luam, zaub mov kev lag luam, metallurgy, textile, roj av, lub teb chaws tiv thaiv, tshuaj thiab lwm yam teb, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub kev yees duab thiab kev tsom xam.Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev, iav kev lag luam yog cov neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej qab zib tshauv, nrog 0.2 tons ntawm dej qab zib tshauv noj ib tuj iav.
Boric acid: dawb hmoov siv lead ua los yog triclinic axial scale siv lead ua, nrog ib tug du thiab tsis muaj tsw.Soluble nyob rau hauv dej, cawv, glycerin, ether thiab essence roj, lub aqueous daws yog weakly acidic.Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv iav (optical iav, kua qaub-resistant iav, kub-resistant iav, thiab iav fiber ntau rau insulating cov ntaub ntawv) kev lag luam, uas yuav txhim khu lub tshav kub tsis kam thiab transparency ntawm iav khoom, txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab zog, thiab luv luv lub sij hawm melting. .Glauber cov ntsev feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm sodium sulfate Na2SO4, uas yog cov khoom siv los qhia Na2O.Nws yog tsuas yog siv los tshem tawm SiO2 scum thiab ua raws li qhov tseeb.
Qee lub tuam txhab kuj tseem ntxiv cullet rau qhov sib tov no.Qee cov tuam txhab tseem yuav rov ua dua lub khob hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.Txawm tias nws yog cov khoom pov tseg hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lossis cov khib nyiab hauv qhov chaw rov ua dua tshiab, 1300 phaus xuab zeb, 410 phaus dej qab zib thiab 380 phaus. phaus limestone tuaj yeem txuag tau rau txhua tuj iav rov siv dua.Qhov no yuav txuag cov nqi tsim khoom, txuag cov nqi thiab lub zog, kom cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem tau txais cov nqi lag luam ntawm peb cov khoom.
Tom qab cov ntaub ntawv raw tau npaj lawm, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yuav pib. Thawj kauj ruam yog kom yaj cov khoom siv raw ntawm iav lub raj mis rau hauv qhov cub, Cov khoom siv raw thiab cullet yog txuas ntxiv melted ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.Thaum txog 1650 ° C, lub cub tawg ua haujlwm 24 teev hauv ib hnub, thiab cov khoom siv raw sib xyaw ua cov iav molten txog 24 teev hauv ib hnub.Molten iav hla dhau.Tom qab ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm cov khoom siv channel, cov iav ntws yog txiav rau hauv cov blocks raws li qhov hnyav, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog teem kom raug.
Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov kev ceev faj thaum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob.Cov cuab yeej ntsuas lub thickness ntawm cov khoom raw txheej ntawm lub pas dej molten yuav tsum tau insulated.Thaum cov ntaub ntawv to, txiav tawm lub hwj huam mov kom sai li sai tau.Ua ntej lub iav molten ntws. tawm ntawm qhov chaw noj mov, cov khoom siv hauv av tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov iav molten mus rau hauv av kom cov iav molten uncharged.Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws yog ntxig molybdenum electrode rau hauv cov iav molten thiab hauv av molybdenum electrode los tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub iav molten ntawm lub rooj vag.Nco ntsoov tias qhov ntev ntawm molybdenum electrode tso rau hauv lub iav molten yog ntau dua 1/2 ntawm qhov dav khiav.Thaum lub zog tsis ua haujlwm thiab kev xa hluav taws xob, tus neeg teb xov tooj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub cub tawg yuav tsum tau ceeb toom ua ntej los xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. (xws li electrode system) thiab cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom siv ib zaug.Kev xa hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tiav tsuas yog tom qab tsis muaj teeb meem.Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev lossis kev sib tsoo uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej lossis cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb hauv thaj tsam melting, tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum ceev nrooj nias lub khawm "tawm xwm txheej ceev" kom txiav tawm lub hwj chim. muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tag nrho.Cov cuab yeej ntsuas lub thickness ntawm raw khoom txheej ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tau muab nrog thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntsuas.Thaum pib lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm lub khob rauv, tus neeg teb xov tooj hluav taws xob yuav tsum xyuas cov electrode. softened dej system ib zaug ib teev thiab tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam nrog cov dej txiav tawm ntawm ib tug neeg electrodes.Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv to tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hluav taws xob rauv ntawm iav rauv, lub hwj chim mov yuav tsum raug txiav tam sim ntawd, thiab cov khoom to yuav tsum tau txau nrog siab. -pressure dej yeeb nkab tam sim ntawd kom solidify lub iav kua.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus thawj coj ntawm lub luag haujlwm yuav tsum raug ceeb toom tam sim.Yog tias lub hwj chim tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub khob rauv tshaj 5 feeb, lub pas dej molten yuav tsum ua haujlwm raws li cov cai tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub hwj chim.Thaum lub tshuab cua txias thiab cua txias muab lub tswb. , ib tug neeg yuav tsum raug xa mus soj ntsuam lub tswb tam sim ntawd thiab nrog nws raws sijhawm.
Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog los tsim lub khob iav.Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov iav fwj thiab cov rhawv yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ua ke (xws li tshuab, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam) uas tau rov ua dua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev qhia ua ntu zus, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim lub raj mis. thiab lub thawv nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb zoo li xav tau.Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov iav fwj thiab rhawv zeb: txoj kev tshuab rau lub raj mis nqaim thiab lub siab tshuab rau lub raj mis loj thiab jars.Nyob rau hauv ob txheej txheem molding, cov kua iav molten yog txiav los ntawm cov shear hniav ntawm nws cov khoom kub (1050-1200 ℃) los tsim cylindrical iav droplets, Nws yog hu ua "cov ntaub ntawv poob".Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom poob yog txaus los tsim ib lub raj mis.Ob qho txheej txheem pib los ntawm shearing ntawm cov kua iav, cov khoom poob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, thiab nkag mus rau thawj pwm los ntawm cov khoom trough thiab tig trough.Tom qab ntawd cov pwm thawj zaug yog kaw nruj nreem kaw thiab kaw los ntawm "bulkhead" nyob rau saum toj.In the blowing process, the glass is first pushed down by the compressed air through the bulkhead, so that the glass at the die is formed;Tom qab ntawd cov tub ntxhais txav mus me ntsis, thiab cov cua compressed dhau los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb nthuav tawm cov iav extruded hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj kom sau cov pwm thawj zaug.Los ntawm xws li iav tshuab, lub iav yuav tsim ib lub hollow prefabricated zoo, thiab nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tom ntej, nws yuav tsum tau tshuab dua los ntawm compressed cua nyob rau hauv lub thib ob theem kom tau txais cov duab kawg.
Kev tsim cov iav fwj thiab rhawv zeb yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob theem tseem ceeb: nyob rau hauv thawj theem, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub qhov ncauj pwm yog tsim, thiab lub tiav lawm lub qhov ncauj muaj xws li lub puab qhib, tab sis lub ntsiab lub cev zoo ntawm cov khoom iav yuav yog. ntau me dua nws qhov kawg loj.Cov khoom siv iav no yog hu ua parison.Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom ntej, lawv yuav raug tshuab mus rau hauv lub raj mis zaum kawg.Los ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg tuag thiab cov tub ntxhais tsim ib qho chaw kaw hauv qab no.Tom qab tuag tau ntim nrog iav (tom qab flapping), cov tub ntxhais yog me ntsis retracted kom soften lub iav nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tub ntxhais.Tom qab ntawd cov cua compressed (rov qab tshuab) los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj dhau los ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv qab lub hauv paus los tsim lub parison.Tom qab ntawd lub bulkhead nce, qhov pib pwm yog qhib, thiab tig caj npab, ua ke nrog cov tuag thiab parison, tig mus rau sab molding.Thaum tig caj npab mus txog rau sab saum toj ntawm cov pwm, cov pwm ntawm ob sab yuav raug kaw thiab clamped los qhwv lub parison.Tus tuag yuav qhib me ntsis kom tso lub parison;Tom qab ntawd lub caj npab tig yuav rov qab mus rau sab pwm thawj zaug thiab tos rau qhov kev ua haujlwm tom ntej.Lub tshuab lub taub hau poob mus rau sab saum toj ntawm cov pwm, compressed cua yog poured rau hauv lub parison los ntawm nruab nrab, thiab lub extruded iav expands mus rau lub pwm los ua lub kawg zoo ntawm lub raj mis.Nyob rau hauv lub siab tshuab cov txheej txheem, lub parison yog tsis lawm. tsim los ntawm compressed cua, tab sis los ntawm extruding iav nyob rau hauv lub confined qhov chaw ntawm thawj pwm kab noj hniav nrog ib tug ntev core.Txoj kev rov qab tom qab thiab qhov kawg ua tiav yog ua raws li txoj kev tshuab tshuab.Tom qab ntawd, lub raj mis yuav raug clamped tawm ntawm kev tsim pwm thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub raj mis nres phaj nrog cov cua txias hauv qab, tos lub raj mis rub thiab thauj mus rau cov txheej txheem annealing.
Cov kauj ruam kawg yog annealing nyob rau hauv lub khob lub raj mis manufacturing txheej txheem.Txawm li cas los xij ntawm cov txheej txheem, qhov saum npoo ntawm lub khob iav yog feem ntau coated tom qab molding.
Thaum lawv tseem kub heev, txhawm rau ua kom lub raj mis thiab cov kaus poom kom tiv taus kev khawb, qhov no yog hu ua kev kho mob kub kawg, thiab tom qab ntawd cov iav fwj raug coj mus rau qhov cub tawg, qhov twg lawv qhov kub thiab txias rov qab mus txog 815 ° C, thiab tom qab ntawd. txo qis kom qis dua 480 ° C. Qhov no yuav siv li 2 teev.Qhov no reheating thiab qeeb txias tshem tawm lub siab nyob rau hauv lub thawv.Nws yuav txhim khu lub firmness ntawm ib txwm tsim iav ntim.Txwv tsis pub, lub khob yog yooj yim tawg.
Kuj tseem muaj ntau yam teeb meem xav tau kev saib xyuas thaum lub sij hawm annealing.Qhov kub sib txawv ntawm lub qhov cub annealing feem ntau tsis sib xws.Qhov kub ntawm qhov seem ntawm lub qhov cub annealing rau cov khoom iav feem ntau qis dua nyob ze ntawm ob sab thiab siab dua ntawm qhov chaw, uas ua rau qhov kub ntawm cov khoom tsis sib xws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv chav tsev hom annealing rauv.Vim li no, thaum tsim qhov nkhaus, lub iav lub raj mis Hoobkas yuav tsum coj tus nqi qis dua qhov tseeb tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab rau qhov txias txias, thiab feem ntau siv ib nrab ntawm qhov kev cia siab rau kev suav.Qhov tso cai rau kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom zoo tib yam tuaj yeem yog 5 txog 10 nm / cm.Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub qhov cub annealing yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum txiav txim siab qhov kub thiab txias ceev.Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb annealing txheej txheem, qhov kub thiab txias faib nyob rau hauv lub annealing rauv yuav tsum tau xyuas ntau zaus.Yog tias pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, nws yuav tsum tau kho raws sijhawm.Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov khoom siv iav, ntau yam khoom siv feem ntau ua rau tib lub sijhawm.Thaum muab cov khoom tso rau hauv lub qhov cub annealing, qee cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov kub siab dua hauv lub qhov cub annealing, thaum cov khoom siv phab ntsa nyias tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas yog qhov zoo rau cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab. cov khoom Cov txheej txheem sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab yog ruaj khov.Nyob rau hauv qhov kev xa rov qab, qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab, qhov kev so sai dua ntawm lawv cov thermoelastic kev ntxhov siab thaum txias, thiab qhov kev ntxhov siab ntau dua ntawm cov khoom.Cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom uas muaj cov duab nyuaj yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev mloog zoo [xws li cov hauv qab tuab, lub kaum sab xis thiab cov khoom siv nrog cov tes tuav], yog li zoo li cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab, cov rwb thaiv tsev kub yuav tsum qis dua, thiab cua sov thiab cua txias ceev yuav tsum qeeb dua.Annealing teeb meem ntawm ntau hom iav Yog hais tias lub iav fwj cov khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv yog annealed nyob rau hauv tib lub annealing rauv, lub iav uas tsis muaj annealing kub yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li lub tshav kub preservation kub, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm prolonging lub tshav kub preservation lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau saws. , yog li ntawd cov khoom uas muaj qhov sib txawv annealing kub tuaj yeem annealed ntau li ntau tau.Rau cov khoom uas muaj tib yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, txawv thicknesses thiab cov duab, thaum annealed nyob rau hauv tib lub annealing rauv, lub annealing kub yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li cov khoom nrog me me phab ntsa thickness kom tsis txhob deformation ntawm nyias-walled khoom thaum lub sij hawm annealing, tab sis cov cua sov thiab Cov cua txias ceev yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li cov khoom lag luam nrog cov phab ntsa loj kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv phab ntsa tuab yuav tsis tawg vim thermal stress.The retrogression ntawm borosilicate iav Rau Pengsilicate iav khoom, cov iav yog nquag mus rau theem sib cais nyob rau hauv lub annealing kub ntau yam.Tom qab theem sib cais, cov iav qauv hloov thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo hloov pauv, xws li cov cuab yeej kub ntawm cov tshuaj txo qis.Txhawm rau zam qhov tshwm sim no, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm borosilicate iav khoom yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis.Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov iav uas muaj cov ntsiab lus boron siab, qhov kub ntawm annealing yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau thiab lub sij hawm annealing yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev dhau.Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, rov qab annealing yuav tsum zam kom ntau li ntau tau.Theem sib cais degree ntawm rov annealing yog hnyav dua.
Muaj lwm kauj ruam los tsim cov iav fwj.Qhov zoo ntawm cov iav fwj yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas raws li cov kauj ruam hauv qab no. Cov kev xav tau zoo: iav fwj thiab hub yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev ua tau zoo thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo.
iav zoo: ntshiab thiab txawm, tsis muaj xuab zeb, kab txaij, npuas thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag.Cov iav tsis muaj xim muaj qhov pom tseeb;Cov xim ntawm cov iav muaj xim zoo ib yam thiab ruaj khov, thiab nws tuaj yeem nqus lub teeb lub zog ntawm qee qhov wavelength.
Lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog: Nws muaj qee yam tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab tsis hnov mob nrog cov ntsiab lus.Nws muaj qee yam seismic tsis kam thiab txhua yam muaj zog, tuaj yeem tiv taus cua sov thiab txias txheej txheem xws li ntxuav thiab kom tsis muaj menyuam, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus txhaws, khaws cia thiab kev thauj mus los, thiab tuaj yeem nyob twj ywm thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab sab nraud, kev co thiab cuam tshuam.
Moulding zoo: tuav qee lub peev xwm, qhov hnyav thiab cov duab, txawm tias phab ntsa tuab, du thiab lub qhov ncauj tiaj tus kom paub meej tias yooj yim sau thiab sealing zoo.Tsis muaj teeb meem xws li distortion, deg roughness, unevenness thiab tawg.
Yog tias koj ua tau raws li qhov xav tau saum toj no, ua kev zoo siab.Koj tau ua tiav ib lub raj mis tsim nyog.Muab tso rau hauv koj qhov muag.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-27-2022Lwm yam Blog
